Abstract
ABSTRACT: Salmonellosis is a bacterial disease that affects several domestic animal species, and is commonly diagnosed in cattle, horses, and pigs. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and pathological findings of eleven cases of enteric salmonellosis and two cases of salmonellosis with pulmonary involvement in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Clinical signs included fever, yellow diarrhea, sometimes with blood streaks, and dyspnea, with a clinical course ranging from 1 to 30 days. Eight cases occurred as outbreaks, whereas five cases occurred individually. Risk factors included inadequate handling practices, such as overcrowded facilities and comorbidities, including anaplasmosis. The main gross finding of the enteric presentation was fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis, occasionally associated with button ulcers, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, cholecystitis and hepatomegaly. In addition, one steer with a chronic clinical progression presented severe segmental thickening of the ileum, associated with intestinal rupture and peritonitis. In the respiratory system, the main findings were reddened, non-collapsed lungs, with multifocal areas of atelectasis. The main microscopic findings were observed in the small and large intestines, and these were characterized by severe necrosis and mucosal ulceration, associated with marked inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils and fibrin deposition intermixed by rod-shaped bacterial aggregates, and fibrosis, as well as interstitial pneumonia. Seven cases yielded positive bacterial cultures for Salmonella spp. and three serovars, namely Typhimurium, Dublin, and Panama were identified. All cases exhibited immunolabeling for Salmonella spp. using immunohistochemistry.
Highlights
Salmonellosis is a bacterial disease which affects several domestic animal species, mainly cattle (CUMMINGS et al, 2009; COSTA et al, 2012; HOLSCHBACH & PEEK, 2018), horses (JUFFO et al, 2017), and pigs (SILVA et al, 2006; UZAL et al, 2016), frequently leading to septicemia and enteric disorders (MOHLER et al, 2009)
Calves younger than 6-months of age are more vulnerable to the disease and may be infected a few hours after calving; adult cattle may develop the clinical disease (NIELSEN, 2003; MOHLER et al, 2009)
This paper describes the different forms of salmonellosis in cattle, as well as the identification of epidemiological factors and pathological changes, which is important for the prevention of salmonellosis
Summary
Salmonellosis is a bacterial disease which affects several domestic animal species, mainly cattle (CUMMINGS et al, 2009; COSTA et al, 2012; HOLSCHBACH & PEEK, 2018), horses (JUFFO et al, 2017), and pigs (SILVA et al, 2006; UZAL et al, 2016), frequently leading to septicemia and enteric disorders (MOHLER et al, 2009). Salmonellosis in cattle is often characterized by watery or mucoid diarrhea containing fibrin and blood, septicemia, respiratory disease, weight loss, and abortions (NIELSEN, 2003; CARRIQUE-MAS et al, 2010). Draws the attention of farmers and field veterinarians to include salmonellosis in the differential diagnosis of cattle with respiratory signs, without intestinal involvement
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