Epidemiological and clinical profile of acute coronary syndrome of Egyptian patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit, Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta

Abstract

Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a multifactorial disease that represents a serious life-threatening health issue and health-care cost globally. Therefore, identifying the risk factors is of value in its prevention. We aimed to report on the epidemiological and clinical profile of ACS patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit in Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta. Patients and methods A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study was performed for over 6 months on ACS patients recruited from the Coronary Care Unit of Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta, Egypt. Assessment of patients was carried out by history, clinical cardiac examination, resting ECG, echocardiography, and laboratory investigation. Coronary angiography was done according to the clinical scenario and the patients were followed up during the time of hospitalization to assess their outcomes. Results Overall there were 184 ACS patients, 66.3% of them were either in the young (16.3%) or middle (50%) age groups with a mean age of 55.6±11.6 years; 52.2% diagnosed as ST segment elevation myocardial infarction which was more common significantly among young and middle aged patients. Male sex was predominant. Overweight/obesity was the most prevalent risk factor in all age groups, followed by current smoking in young and middle age groups. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in the older age groups. Conclusion Overweight/obesity and male sex were the major significant risk factors, followed by smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. There is an appreciable burden of major cardiovascular risk factors as all patients had at least one of them.