Abstract
BackgroundThe Philippines has been one of the most affected COVID-19 countries in the Western Pacific region, but there are limited data on COVID-19-related mortality and associated factors from this setting. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and associations with mortality among COVID-19-confirmed individuals admitted to an infectious diseases referral hospital in Metro Manila.Main textThis was a single-centre retrospective analysis including the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to San Lazaro Hospital, Metro Manila, Philippines, from January to October 2020. We extracted clinical data and examined epidemiological and clinical characteristics and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Of the 500 individuals, 133 (26.6%) were healthcare workers (HCW) and 367 (73.4%) were non-HCW, with HCW more likely presenting with milder symptoms. Non-HCW admissions were more likely to have at least one underlying disease (51.6% vs. 40.0%; p = 0.002), with hypertension (35.4%), diabetes (17.4%), and tuberculosis (8.2%) being the most common. Sixty-one (12.2%) died, comprising 1 HCW and 60 non-HCW (0.7% vs. 16.3%; p < 0.001). Among the non-HCW, no death occurred for the 0–10 years age group, but deaths were recorded across all other age groups. Compared to those who recovered, individuals who died were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.015), report difficulty of breathing (p < 0.001), be HIV positive (p = 0.008), be intubated (p < 0.001), categorised as severe or critical (p < 0.001), have a shorter mean hospital stay (p < 0.001), or have an additional diagnosis of pneumonia (p < 0.001) or ARDS (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur analysis reflected significant differences in characteristics, symptomatology, and outcomes between healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Despite the unique mix of cohorts, our results support the country’s national guideline on COVID-19 vaccination which prioritises healthcare workers, the elderly, and people with comorbidities and immunodeficiency states.
Highlights
This was a single-centre retrospective analysis including the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to San Lazaro Hospital, Metro Manila, Philippines, from January to October 2020
We previously reported an analysis of the first 100 individuals with suspected COVID-19 admitted to San Lazaro Hospital (SLH), a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Metro Manila, during the first months of the pandemic [11]
In this study, we describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 500 confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to an infectious disease referral hospital in Metro Manila
Summary
We conducted a secondary analysis of the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 inpatients at SLH, from January 25, 2020, to October 24, 2020. The median duration between the onset of symptoms to admission was 6 days (IQR 4–9 days), less for HCW compared with non-HCW (5.5 days vs 7 days; p < 0.001). No death occurred for the 0–10 years age group, but deaths were recorded across all other age groups Compared to those who recovered, individuals who died were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.015), report difficulty of breathing (p < 0.001), be HIV positive (p = 0.008), be intubated (p < 0.001), categorised as severe or critical (p < 0.001), have a shorter mean hospital stay (p < 0.001), or have an alternative diagnosis of pneumonia (p < 0.001) or ARDS. There were no significant associations in mortality by nationality, exposure history, duration between onset of symptoms and admission, and Ct-value
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