Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 55 patients with COVID-19

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and we provide reference for the prevention and control of epidemic situation. Methods Fifty-five patients with COVID-19 diagnosed and admitted to the hospital were studied as the research object from January 23 to February 16, 2020, we collected epidemiological data, such as whether patients had been a recent travel to Hubei, ever come into contact with people from Hubei, whether recent contact with patients with respiratory diseases; and clinical features include fever, fatigue, dry cough, muscle pain, cough, sputum, etc, collected related laboratory tests and imaging examination index, analyzed clinical and epidemiology features of COVID-19 patients. Results Among the 55 cases, 27 were males and 28 were females, with an average age of (43.11 ± 17.91) years. Among them, there were 3 cases of mild type, 48 cases of normal type, 3 cases of severe type and 1 case of critical type. The common type was dominant, accounting for 87.27% of the total cases. There were 29 cases of family cluster (52.73%). There were 19 imported cases (34.55%), and 27 recent contacts with persons from Hubei (49.09%). The clinical symptoms were dry cough in 34 cases (61.82%), fever in 30 cases (54.55%), sputum in 19 cases (34.55%), and fatigue in 18 cases (32.73%), and asymptomatic in 6 cases (10.91%). The total number of white blood cells was normal or decreased in 52 cases (94.55%), and the lymphocyte count was decreased in 12 cases (21.82%).There were 46 cases (83.64%) with ground-glass changes in both lungs on CT 5 days after the onset of symptoms. Conclusion COVID-19 patients were mainly normal type, mainly imported and family cluster cases, but there were also asymptomatic patients. The prevention and control of COVID-19 should strictly prevent imported cases and personnel gathering, and strengthen the monitoring of body temperature.Strengthen COVID-19 nucleic acid testing of confirmed close contacts, we couldtimely detect asymptomatic cases and conduct isolation and treatment. 摘要： 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的临床和流行病学特征，为疫情的防控提供参考。 方法 以 2020 年 1 月 23 日—2 月 16 日在某院确诊并收治的 COVID-19 患者 55 例为研究对象，收集患者近期是否到湖 北出行，是否接触过来自湖北的人员，近期是否接触呼吸道疾病患者等流行病学资料，临床症状资料包括发热、乏力、 干咳、肌肉疼痛、咳痰等，收集相关的实验室检测和影像学检查指标，分析 COVID-19 患者临床和流行病学特征。 结果 55 例患者中男性 27 例，女性 28 例，平均年龄(43.11±17.91)岁。临床分型：轻型 3 例，普通型 48 例，重型 3 例，危重 型 1 例，以普通型为主(87.27%)。家庭聚集性病例 29 例(52.73%)，输入性病例 19 例(34.55%)，近期接触到过湖北的人 员 27 例(49.09%)。临床症状为干咳 34 例(61.82%)，发热 30 例(54.55%)，咳痰 19 例(34.55%)，乏力 18 例(32.73%)，无 症状者 6 例(10.91%)。首次住院检测白细胞总数正常或降低者 52 例(94.55%)，淋巴细胞计数减少 12 例(21.82%)。出 现症状后 5 d CT 双肺毛玻璃样变 46 例(83.64%)。 结论 COVID-19 患者以普通型为主，主要为输入性和家庭聚集性病 例，同时也存在着无症状感染者。对 COVID-19 防控要严防输入性病例和人员的聚集，加强体温的监测。加强对确诊 患者密切接触者的 COVID-19 核酸检测，及时发现无症状病例并进行隔离和治疗。