Abstract
Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are highly endemic in the Kyrgyz Republic. This report documents the numbers of recorded cases of these two diseases that have been reported in the past 14 years. The number of cases of echinococcosis has increased from approximately 550 to 1044 cases in 2013. This is an increase in incidence from 11.3 to 18.3 cases per 100,000 annually. In 2000 no cases of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) were reported in the Kyrgyz Republic. During this period the disease has emerged, with 148 cases reported in 2013 (2.6 cases per 100,000). Osh Oblast is a highly endemic focus for AE, with 60 cases reported in 2013 (6.0 per 100,000). The Alay Valley in the south of Osh Oblast reported the majority of AE cases for this region. In this valley, in 2013, 42 cases of AE were reported, which is a local incidence of 58 per 100,000.
Highlights
Parasitic diseases remain a serious health burden on human populations
Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus and human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the larval stage of E. multilocularis (Torgerson & Budke, 2003). Both of these parasites are endemic in Kyrgyzstan (Torgerson et al, 2003; Usubalieva et al, 2013) and both cause serious morbidity and disease burden (Budke et al, 2006; Torgerson et al, 2010)
CE and AE incidences were estimated from reports of medical institutes and data from the State Department of Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Kyrgyz Ministry of Health and the Kara-Suu district centre of disease prevention and sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. Case definitions were those that were confirmed as CE or AE by morphological and histological analysis of lesions following resection
Summary
Parasitic diseases remain a serious health burden on human populations. Of approximately 1415 known human pathogens, 287 are helminths species and a further 66 species are protozoan pathogens (Taylor et al, 2001). Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus and human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the larval stage of E. multilocularis (Torgerson & Budke, 2003). Both of these parasites are endemic in Kyrgyzstan (Torgerson et al, 2003; Usubalieva et al, 2013) and both cause serious morbidity and disease burden (Budke et al, 2006; Torgerson et al, 2010). In recent years substantial numbers of cases have been treated (Usubalieva et al, 2013)
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