Epidemiología y evolución perioperatoria de lesión vascular periférica en civiles por trauma penetrante durante una década

Abstract

BackgroundPenetrating trauma injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. For efficient management and appropriate treatment, the injuries need to be rapidly detected, located, and characterised. ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiology and review the management of vascular injuries over a 10-year period. Material and methodsData were used from patients with a diagnosis of vascular injury in extremities between 2006 and 2015 from a university hospital. ResultsA total of 110 cases were reported. In 26 (23.6%) patients the injury was caused by a stab wound, and by a gunshot wound in 84 (76.4%) patients. The most common injury site was the lower limb. Twenty-six (23.6%) patients showed no injury in the angiography. A total of 150 vascular injuries were identified. ConclusionThe most commonly injured artery was the femoral. Statistically significant injury predictive factors were the injury severity score, the degree of shock, and patients with multiple injuries. Six amputations reported were associated with severe trauma. The absence of severe signs does not rule out the possibility of arterial injury. Inverted saphenous vein graft repair is recommended for non-repairable injuries.