Epidemiología infecciosa en centros gerontológicos

Abstract

Introduction Infection processes in gerontology centres (GC) are one of the main causes of mortality and aggravation of concomitant chronic diseases. An epidemiological surveillance system was set up to find out their magnitude and distribution. Material and methods A prevalence study was conducted during the years 2006-2009 in 4 GCs of the Matia Foundation. Prevalence was measured by making an annual cut-off, recording: infection type, demographic data, risk factors and antibiotic use. The incidence was measured for two years in one GC as a pilot centre, recording: infection type and antibiotic use. Results The prevalence in the GCs varied between 4.8% and 6.44%. The infection incidence density in the pilot study was between 3.45-5.77 infections per 1,000 resident days. The most common infection location and in this order were, respiratory, urinary and cutaneous. The incidence of respiratory infection is more statistically significant in the presence of dysphagia, malnutrition and COPD. However, no significant relationship was seen in the incidence of urinary infection with the different risk factors analysed. Conclusions The frequency and repercussions of nosocomial infections in GCs demonstrate the need for intervention plans and the development of adequate prevention measures.