Epidemiología de la sepsis y choque séptico en una unidad de cuidado intensivo de Popayán, Cauca

Abstract

IntroductionSepsis is one of the main causes of admission to intensive care units. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with sepsis continue to represent a gap in medical knowledge, especially in Colombia. MethodologyObservational, cross-sectional study of patients with a diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock, selected by a convenience sample, in a single intensive care centre between 2017 and 2018. The objective of this study was to describe the sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of these patients in the municipality of Popayan, department of Cauca. Results135 medical records were reviewed, from an intensive care unit in the city of Popayán (Cauca), 55.6% were women, with an average age of 61.7 years, 49.6% came from the urban area. The main sources of sepsis were pulmonary (38.5%), urinary (16.3%), and biliary (10.4%). Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates predominated. Mortality was 18.5% and the factors for mortality were Sequential Organ Failure Assessment SOFA score>10 (PR 1.24), APACHE II score>30, and diagnosis of septic shock (PR 4.53, 95% CI: 1.81-11, 32; p.001). ConclusionsGiven our results, female gender, from the urban area of Popayán, with a septic focus of pulmonary origin, and a high SOFA and APACHE II score, appear to be mortality factors for sepsis and septic shock. Further studies are required.