Abstract

Poliomyelitis is an ancient disease caused by poliovirus,and can result in serious body damage,such as irreversible disability,or even death.Since oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) was developed successfully in 1950s,occurrence and prevalence of poliomyelitis have been controlled effectively over the world.However,eradication of poliomyelitis has not yet been achieved.Facing the epidemic characteristics in Afghanistan,India,Nigeria,Pakistan and other countries,WHO recommended to use bivalent (type Ⅰ + Ⅲ)OPV after 2009.This marks a new tool to eradicate poliomyelitis. Key words: Poliomyelitis ; Poliovirus vaccine, oral; Vaccination

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