Abstract
“Smart Pavement” is an emerging infrastructure for various on-road applications in transportation and road engineering. However, existing road monitoring solutions demand a certain periodic maintenance effort due to battery life limits in the sensor systems. To this end, we present an end-to-end self-powered wireless sensor—ePave—to facilitate smart and autonomous pavements. The ePave system includes a self-power module, an ultra-low-power sensor system, a wireless transmission module and a built-in power management module. First, we performed an empirical study to characterize the piezoelectric module in order to optimize energy-harvesting efficiency. Second, we developed an integrated sensor system with the optimized energy harvester. An adaptive power knob is designated to adjust the power consumption according to energy budgeting. Finally, we intensively evaluated the ePave system in real-world applications to examine the system’s performance and explore the trade-off.
Highlights
Many environmental monitoring applications are used in wireless sensor networks [1,2,3,4,5] including environmental monitoring of disasters [6,7,8,9]
We studied the power generation performance of piezoelectric ceramics based on pavement energy harvesting and on this basis we improved the energy collection efficiency and calculated the wireless sensing losses
We had better not need to consume power to achieve the purpose of judgingofthe collection energy, power theand data acquisition and wireless collection energy, and toof theand datato acquisition wireless transmission moduletransmission periodically of judging the collection ofpower energy, and to power the data acquisition and wireless transmission module periodically according to the adaptive power knob
Summary
Many environmental monitoring applications are used in wireless sensor networks [1,2,3,4,5] including environmental monitoring of disasters [6,7,8,9]. It is ideal to use piezoelectric materials to collect vibration energy from the pavement [19,20,21,22] to supply energy to the system. Piezoelectric materials are applied to the highway and used in self-powered wireless sensing. The wireless sensor in this paper is used for road data transmission [27]. The use of road piezoelectric energy has become an efficient and convenient energy source To this end, piezoelectric pavements should harvest enough energy to supply data acquisition and wireless transmission. A wireless sensing application for pavement energy harvesting is proposed in this paper. The piezoelectric transducers are used to collect energy from the pressurized asphalt pavement and supply power to the sensor nodes.
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