Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the bioactive components of fish oil, exert immunomodulatory properties. The impact of EPA and DHA supplementation on murine B cell function is poorly studied. We first determined the effects of fish oil on B cell phenotypes and antibody production in obese mice upon stimulation with a T‐independent antigen. Fish oil intervention increased the frequency of transitional 1 and marginal zone B cells in obese mice. Fish oil restored the decrement in circulating IgM in obesity and increased antibody production in lean mice. We then measured the effects of EPA and DHA ethyl esters on B cell activation upon supplementation to an obesogenic diet. Ex vivo stimulation of B cells with lipopolysaccharide increased B cell activation as measured by TNF‐α and IL‐6 secretion. DHA, but not EPA, increased B cell IL‐10 production. In vivo, EPA and DHA differentially increased the frequency of transitional 1, transitional 2 and pre‐marginal zone cells. Taken together, the data establish that fish oil can boost B‐cell mediated immunity in obesity and that EPA and DHA ethyl esters exert differential effects on B cells.
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