Abstract

There are well-established racial and ethnic disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes, in part due to structural, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors. However, some of these differences can be attributed to biological factors, such as the frequency of cancer somatic variants that vary by ancestry. It is well known that diversity in clinical trials is low, with Blacks and Hispanics consistently underrepresented compared to their cancer incidence. Further, race and ethnicity reporting in clinical trials occurs infrequently, and it is missing in up to 50% of patient medical records and genomic profiling tests.

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