Abstract
Although vaccine resources are being distributed worldwide, insufficient vaccine production remains a major obstacle to herd immunity. In such an environment, the cases of re-positive occurred frequently, and there is a big controversy regarding the cause of re-positive episodes and the infectivity of re-positive cases. In this case-control study, we tracked 39 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from the Jiaodong Peninsula area of China, of which 7 patients tested re-positive. We compared the sex distribution, age, comorbidities, and clinical laboratory results between normal patients and re-positive patients, and analysed the correlation between the significantly different indicators and the re-positive. Re-positive patients displayed a lower level of serum creatinine (63.38 ± 4.94 U/L vs. 86.82 ± 16.98 U/L; P =0.014) and lower albumin (34.70 ± 5.46 g/L vs. 41.24 ± 5.44 g/L, P =0.039) at the time of initial diagnosis. In addition, two positive phases and the middle negative phase in re-positive patients with significantly different eosinophil counts (0.005 ± 0.005 × 109/L; 0.103 ± 0.033 × 109/L; 0.007 ± 0.115 × 109/L; Normal range: 0.02-0.52 × 109/L). The level of eosinophils in peripheral blood can be used as a marker to predict re-positive in patients who once had COVID-19.
Highlights
On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the emerging infectious disease that broke out in Wuhan, China in December 2019 as coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)
We compared inflammatory indicators, including C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and Neutrophil-tolymphocytes ration (NLR), and the results show that there is no significant difference in these indicators between the patients who are re-positive and those who are not (Table 2)
It was found that the age, sex, and severity of the disease of patients at the time of initial diagnosis were not closely related to recurrence of COVID-19, male older than 45 years with comorbidities account for a greater proportion of the patients
Summary
On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the emerging infectious disease that broke out in Wuhan, China in December 2019 as coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). The aetiological agent was identified by the Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, and the virus causing this severe respiratory disease was named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) [1]. During the few months, COVID-19 rapidly spread worldwide to become the highest threat caused by a pandemic. According to the latest statistics from the Johns Hopkins University, by August 16, 2020, the total number of COVID-19 cases globally exceeds 21.48 million, with over 771,000 deaths [2]. It is estimated that the global pandemic would last until June 2021, with intermittent lockdowns considered the ‘new normal’ [3]. It is estimated that 250 million people would be infected and 1.75
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