Enzymes as indispensable markers in disease diagnosis.

Abstract

Enzymes have been usedfor disease diagnosis for many decades; however, advancements in technology like ELISA and flow cytometry-based detection havesignificantlyincreased their use and have increased the sensitivity of detection. Technological advancements in recombinant enzyme production haveincreased enzymatic stability,and the use ofcolorimetric-based and florescence-based assays has led to their increased use as biomarkers for disease detection. Enzymes like acid phosphatase, cathepsin, lactate dehydrogenase, thymidine kinaseand creatine kinase are indispensable markers for diagnosing cancer, cardiovasculardiseasesand others. This minireview summarizes various enzymes used in disease diagnosis, their metabolic role, market valueand potential as disease markers across various metabolic and other disorders.