Abstract
The authors describe an enzyme-free amperometric method for the determination of glucose at nanomolar levels at near neutral pH values. A hybrid nanostructure composed of molybdenum disulfide and copper sulfide (MoS2-CuS) was prepared using L-cysteine as both the sulfur donor and the reducing agent. The nanohybrid was then immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by incorporating it into a film of poly(vinyl butyral). Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the MoS2-CuS nanohybrids. Three modified GCEs (MoS2/GCE, CuS/GCE and MoS2-CuS/GCE) were investigated with respect to their sensitivity to glucose, and the MoS2-CuS/GCE was found to perform best in displaying a limit of detection as low as 0.3 μM in pH 7.2 buffer at an applied potential of +0.18 V (versus Ag/AgCl). The repeatability and intermediate precision are below 7.0% at 0.05, 0.5 and 1.0 mM concentration levels. The method was applied to the determination of glucose in spiked human serum samples, and recoveries were between 92.3 and 110.7%. This detection scheme is rapid and cost-effective. Natural enzymes and additional electron mediators are not required.
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