Enzyme activity in soybean seeds produced under foliar application of manganese

Everson Reis Carvalho,Édila Vilela De Resende Von Pinho,João Almir Oliveira,Jaime Costa Neto

doi:10.1590/s1413-70542014000400001

Everson Reis Carvalho, Édila Vilela De Resende Von Pinho + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542014000400001

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Abstract

Several factors affect the quality of soybean seeds, including the mineral nutrition of plants. Manganese (Mn) is an important nutrient because it has as one of its functions the enzyme activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate enzyme activity in seeds of soybean cultivars produced with foliar application of different doses of Mn. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) (Federal University of Lavras) in randomized blocks with three replications and 4 x 4 x 2 factorial arrangement consisting of four soybean cultivars, two conventional and its genetically modified RR derived (BRS Celeste and BRS Baliza RR; BRSGO Jataí and BRS Silvânia RR), four doses of Mn via foliar application (0; 200; 400 and 600 g Mn ha-1) and two stages of application (R1 or R3). In the seeds, the expressions of the enzymes esterase (EST), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (PRX) and isocitratelyase (ICL) were determined. For evaluation of physiological quality, the germination test and emergence speed index (ESI) were performed. The Mn content in the seeds was also determined. The expression of the enzymes EST, SOD, PRX and ICL in soybean seeds are affected by foliar application of Mn, regardless of the stages of application. In the seeds of the cultivars that showed better physiological quality, Celeste and Baliza RR, greater expressions of the enzymes ADH and ICL and lower expressions of MDH and of PRX were observed.

Highlights

Soybean seeds with high physiological quality are increasingly demanded and valued because fields planted with high vigor seeds tend to have high productive rates (Kolchinski, Schuch; Peske, 2005)
Manganese (Mn) is important because it plays a fundamental role in cellular elongation; Mn deficiency may inhibit synthesis of lipids and secondary metabolites, and it is linked to the lignification process
A greater increase in expression of the enzyme EST with foliar application of Mn was observed in seeds of the cultivars Celeste and Jataí (Figure 1), mainly for Jataí seeds which may be indicative of mineral nutrition and genotype interaction

Summary

Introduction

Soybean seeds with high physiological quality are increasingly demanded and valued because fields planted with high vigor seeds tend to have high productive rates (Kolchinski, Schuch; Peske, 2005). Various factors affect soybean seed quality, among them mineral nutrition affects the production of metabolites necessary for development of fruits and seeds. As for seeds, it is necessary that accumulation of reserves occurs adequately because the initial development of seedlings depends on these substances (Veiga et al, 2010). Mondo et al (2012) found that the correlation between fertility and physiological potential of the seed is relevant for soybean seed technology. Among these nutrients, manganese (Mn) is important because it plays a fundamental role in cellular elongation; Mn deficiency may inhibit synthesis of lipids and secondary metabolites, and it is linked to the lignification process Agrotec., Lavras, v.38, n.4, p.317-327, jul./ago., 2014

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