Abstract
White-rot fungi can degrade all lignocellulose components due to their potent lignin and cellulose-degrading enzymes. In this study, five white-rot fungi, Trametes versicolor, Trametes pubescens, Ganoderma adspersum, Ganoderma lipsiense, and Rigidoporus vitreus were tested for endoglucanase, laccase, urease, and glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) production when grown with malt extract and nanocellulose in the form of TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical) oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Results show that temperature plays a key role in controlling the growth of all five fungi when cultured with malt extract alone. Endoglucanase activities were highest in cultures of G. adspersum and G. lipsiense and laccase activities were highest in cultures of T. versicolor and R. vitreus. Urease activities were highest in cultures of G. adspersum, G. lipsiense, and R. vitreus. Glucose-6-phosphate levels also indicate that cells were actively metabolizing glucose present in the cultures. These results show that TEMPO-oxidized CNF and CNC do not inhibit the production of specific lignocellulose enzymes by these white-rot fungi. The apparent lack of enzymatic inhibition makes TEMPO-oxidized CNF and CNC excellent candidates for future biotechnological applications in combination with the white-rot fungi studied here.
Highlights
The lack of inhibition of endoglucanase, laccase, and urease observed in this study when the white-rot fungi T. versicolor 159, T. pubescens 220, G. adspersum 003, G. lipsiense
646, and R. vitreus 643 were grown in the presence of malt extract and TEMPO-oxidized
cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), shows that TEMPO-oxidized cellulose materials are biocompatible with the fungi studied here
Summary
White-rot fungi, with the ability to degrade lignocellulosic material, are valued in the paper, textile, and food industries for their ability to produce various lignocellulosicdegrading enzymes [1,2,3]. Among the hydrolytic enzymes produced by white-rot fungi, to degrade the cellulose component of lignocellulosic material, are the endoglucanases. These enzymes are capable of cleaving the β-1,4-glycosidic linkages of glucose units that make up cellulose into cellobiose and cellulooligosaccharides [6]. Laccases are a copper containing enzyme used by white-rot fungi to oxidize a variety of aromatic hydrogen polyphenols and non-phenolic compounds [8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
