Enzymatic Reduction of Phytate in Whole Wheat Breads

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe presence of phytate in flour may be responsible for reduced bioavailability of iron, magnesium, zinc, and calcium from bread. The effect of various concentrations of commercial phytase or phosphatase added to whole wheat flour‐yeast doughs on their phytate and nonphytate phosphorus content has been investigated. By using 2.0% (flour basis) of phytase and 0.11% phosphatase the initial phytate phosphorus concentration of the dough was reduced to 1/8 and 1/12 of its initial values, respectively. Storage of the whole wheat breads for up to 96 hr at room temperature showed further significant reduction of phytate phosphorus. The phytate phosphorus content of yeast leavened whole wheat breads decreased during 2 hours of dough fermentation, baking and the subsequent 48 hours of storage at room temperature from 24 mg/100g dough (dry matter) to 1.7 mg/100g bread (dry matter); the phytate phosphorus continued to decrease and after 96 hours storage it was 0.6 mg/100g bread.