Abstract
In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g−1. Additionally, after nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles, the removal rate is still over 70%. Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater.
Highlights
Nowadays, with the advancement and technological improvement of the dyeing industry, dyes are widely used in cosmetics, leather, paper, printing, plastic and textile finishing
The results suggest that methylene blue (MB) adsorption 10 onof the adsorbent is favored at lower temperatures in the range of 20–60 °C
A kind of environmentally friendly gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbent was prepared by blending natural macromolecule gelatin with β-CD via the electrospinning technique
Summary
With the advancement and technological improvement of the dyeing industry, dyes are widely used in cosmetics, leather, paper, printing, plastic and textile finishing. The water polluted by dyes poses a great threat to ecology and human health, because most of these dyes are not degradable, can resist aerobic digestion and are stable to heat, light and oxidizing agents. Various methods, such as adsorption, coagulation, electrochemistry, photocatalytic degradation and ultrafiltration, have been utilized to remove dyes from wastewater [1,2,3,4,5,6] Among these processes, adsorption is one of the most attractive technologies due to its high efficiency, simplicity, low cost and simple technology [7]. Many adsorbents, such as activated carbon [8], clay [9], silica [10]
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