Environmentally Benign Self-Assembled Biopolymer-Peptoid Nanosilver Composite Hybrid Gel Beads via Ion-Crosslinking for Antimicrobial and Catalytic Applications

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles are gaining significant attention due to their exceptional versatility arising from their unique combination of size, surface properties, and inherent reactivity. This combination not only makes them highly effective in catalysis but also renders them potent antimicrobial agents. Consequently, researchers are motivated to explore their novel attributes for innovative solutions. In this investigation, we developed novel gel bead formulations integrating nanosilver into a core-shell structured organo/hydrogel beads matrix comprising two key components. This involved blending a low molecular weight peptoid gelator (18UP) and xanthan as a polymer gelator (PG) with single-component xanthan (Xn) hydrogel beads. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized via the in situ reduction of Ag(I) to Ag(0), resulting in nanosilver-loaded gel beads, meticulously characterized for their properties. Comparative analyses of silver absorption and release between Xn and 18UP/Xn gel beads revealed superior silver absorption efficiency and precise control over nanosilver release in the 18UP/Xn hybrid gel beads, attributed to their larger surface area. Antimicrobial assessments against drug-resistant bacterial strains and catalytic performance in 4-nitrophenol reduction underscored the effectiveness and versatility of the nanosilver gel beads. Their easy separation, post-catalysis and reusability ensure stability and consistent performance, highlighting their immense potential in industrial and biological realms.