Abstract

Environmental transformations of natural and engineered carbon nanoparticles significantly affect their fate, transport, and interactions with organic contaminants.

Highlights

  • Both natural and anthropogenic sources release large quantities of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) into the environment

  • A key aim of this review is to compare findings from investigations into pristine Engineered CNPs (eCNPs) and consider their transferability to petrogenic carbon nanoparticles (pCNPs), in order to improve our understanding of pCNPs as well as of how transformation of pCNPs can affect the fate of contaminants

  • Liu et al.[75] found that pCNP derived from biochar disintegration contain more oxygen and less aromatic structures compared to the original biochar

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Summary

Introduction

Once released into the environment CNPs can undergo physical, chemical and biological transformation, resulting in significant changes to their physicochemical properties (e.g., their size, morphology, and surface functionality). He is the director of the University of Vienna's Environmental Research Network including more than 130 scientists from natural sciences, social sciences, humanities, law, and economics. He is an Adjunct Full Professor at Duke University, U.S, and a Guest Professor of Nankai University, Tianjin, China. Wei Chen is a professor of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin, China, and the director of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control. Fate is critical for identifying risks associated with colloidal CNPs and may shed light on possible uses of CNPs in remediation

Sources of CNPs in the environment
Fossil coal
Biochar
Wildfire charcoal
Environmental transformation of CNPs
Chemical transformation
Physical transformation
Biological transformation
Effects of transformation on the colloidal stability and transport of CNPs
Surface charge and surface potential of CNPs
Colloidal stability and aggregation of CNPs
Transport of CNPs in porous media
Effect of CNP surface chemistry on contaminant binding
Effect of CNP aggregation and porosity on contaminant binding
Effects of transformation on catalytic efficiency of CNPs
Generation of reactive oxygen species
Findings
Further research required
Full Text
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