Environmental theory applied to the home environment of children exposed to HIV at birth: a descriptive research

Abstract

This exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach was based on the theoretical framework of Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, in combination with the photovoice resource. Participants will be 10 HIV-positive mothers and caregivers to children exposed to the virus at birth and up to five years old, living in the urban region of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data collection will include the following phases: I) Obtaining of participants; II) Photographic recording of the home and peridomiciliary environment; III) Completion of socio-demographic, economic, housing and family health characterization forms; IV) Delivery of disposable cameras for participants to register risky housing situations; V) Home visit to discuss the registered photographs and offer environmental education orientations. For data analysis, the methodological steps of the photovoice method will be followed: previous analysis of photographic records; review; comparison and theorization. The goal is to arouse reflections with a view to improving care delivery to children exposed to HIV and their families, based on the life reality and the expanded health concept, which includes questions related to the socio-environmental context. Descriptors: Housing, Child, HIV-1, Photograph, Community health nursing.