Abstract
The issue of recovery and disposal of hazardous waste is not a new concern. The waste comes from various processes and technologies and therefore the bigger emphasis should be placed on reducing quantities of generated hazardous waste (which is often connected with changes in the technology of manufacturing a given product) and limitation of their negative influence on natural environment. Plants specializing in waste processing processes should meet the so-called cardinal triad of conditions deciding on the full success of investment, and namely: economic effectiveness, ecological efficiency and social acceptance. The structure of generation of hazardous waste in EU-28 has been presented in the paper. Methods of hazardous waste disposal in Poland have been discussed. Economic and ecological criteria for the selection of technology of hazardous waste disposal have been analyzed. The influence of the hazardous waste on the environment is also presented. For four groups of waste, which are currently stored, alternative methods of disposal have been proposed.
Highlights
It was nearly till the end of the 70’s of the previous century that the storage was the most commonly used and legally accepted method of waste disposal in Poland
The policy conducted in such manner, in which the emphasis was placed first of all on the increase of production capacity and not on ecological effects, contributed to the devastation of natural environment
The largest decreases in the amount of produced hazardous waste one can observe in Ireland, Belgium, the United Kingdom and Bulgaria
Summary
It was nearly till the end of the 70’s of the previous century that the storage was the most commonly used and legally accepted method of waste disposal in Poland. The policy conducted in such manner, in which the emphasis was placed first of all on the increase of production capacity and not on ecological effects, contributed to the devastation of natural environment. For that reason actions were taken aimed at changes in legislation, and in mentality and ecological awareness of the society. The idea of sustainable development started to penetrate the ecological politics of countries implying that criteria of sustainability would gain a position equivalent to economic criteria. The primary objective of natural environment protection is not so much the control of degree of environmental pollution and waste disposal, but the prevention of their generation
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