Abstract
Ground water hydrochemical study in Yusufiyah depends upon (25) wells where major cations and anions were obtained as well as trace elements. The hydrochemical properties include the study of (pH, EC, TDS, and TH). The groundwater of the study area is odorless and colorless except the wells (13 and 16) with a salty taste due to the elevated (TDS) concentration in it, where the wells depth ranges between 7-20 meters. Depth of water in these wells was about 25-35 meters above sea level. Groundwater generally flows from east to west and from north east to south west. The resource of groundwater depends upon surface water. Physical specifications are measured in the water samples included temperature, color, taste, odor, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS). The chemical specifications included major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+) and major anions (NO3, SO42- ,Cl-, and HCO3-) in addition to the trace elements (Fe, Ni, Co, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn). The groundwater in the study area is polluted with some heavy elements like (Fe, Ni, Cd and Pb) because their concentrations are higher than the permissible limits according to WHO (2007) and IQS (2009).
Highlights
The groundwater is important source for humans
The acidity, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved salt (TDS) of the water samples were measured in the Lab
The results of the physical and chemical characteristics of the ground water reflect that the all water samples in the study area are colorless and odorless except the wells (13,16). pH occur and values less than 7 are commonly encountered [4]
Summary
The groundwater is important source for humans. Recently, deterioration of water quality due to pollution was noticed. Major cations Calcium ion (Ca+2) Fig. 5 shows that the interpolation of (Ca2+) in ppm, where the contour maps, shows the distribution of the concentrations of Ca+2 in ppm the study area.
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