Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the influence of environmental and behavioural risk factors on life expectancy in East Africa. Applying the standard life table functions, our estimates revealed that the potential environmental reducers of life expectancy are air pollution-related deaths, followed by poor hygienic facilities and practices, and tobacco use. If it was possible to fully eliminate death coming from household air pollution, ambient particulate matter and ground-level ozone pollution, the increment in life expectancy at birth should respectively be 3.15 years; 2.84 years; 2.20 years; 2.06 years; 1.59 years in Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. The simultaneous and complete elimination of all environmental and behavioural risks making the objects of this study shall increase the life expectancy at birth by 7.62 years in Rwanda, 7.12 years in Tanzania, 6.40 years in Uganda, 5.77 years in Kenya and 8.43 years in Burundi. Although the complete elimination of some causes of death appears to be an improbable scenario, these results recommend resource allocation and program evaluation regarding environmental monitoring and assessment and goal-setting in the health domain for the long and healthy living population of East Africa.
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