Abstract
This paper adopts 2009 to 2015 panel data from 27 manufacturing industries in China. A Super-SBM model is used to measure the green innovation efficiency (GIE) of China’s manufacturing industry. A panel data model is then built to systematically examine the impact of environmental regulation (ER) and two-way foreign direct investment (FDI) on the GIE of China’s manufacturing industry under a unified analysis framework. The results are as follows: (1) the overall level of the green innovation efficiency in China’s manufacturing is low, and there is still great potential for improvement. Considering industry heterogeneity, the green innovation efficiency of patent-intensive manufacturing is significantly higher than that of non-patent-intensive manufacturing; (2) in terms of the whole manufacturing industry, ER and the interaction between ER and outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) have significantly negative effects on GIE, OFDI has significantly positive effects on GIE. (3) when considering industry heterogeneity, for patent-intensive manufacturing, ER and the interaction between ER and inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) have significantly negative effects on GIE, while IFDI has significantly positive effect on GIE. For non-patent-intensive manufacturing, ER and the interaction between ER and OFDI have significantly negative effects on GIE, while IFDI and the interaction between ER and IFDI have significantly positive effects on GIE.
Highlights
The manufacturing industry is the core of China’s real economy and is of great significance to the industrialization and economic development in the country [1,2]
The results show that the mean of green innovation efficiency of China’s manufacturing industry from 2009 to 2015 is 0.4697
16 industries, such as Manufacture of beverages, have a mean of green innovation efficiency that is lower than the mean of whole manufacturing industry
Summary
The manufacturing industry is the core of China’s real economy and is of great significance to the industrialization and economic development in the country [1,2]. The extensive development model adopted by China’s manufacturing industry for a long time, has caused it to be at the bottom of the international industrial chain, and caused serious ecological problems [3,4]. In 2016, manufacturing industry accounted for 29.9% of China’s GDP, consumed about. 57% of the China’s energy consumption, and accounted for over 50% of China’s total CO2 emissions [5]. In the past few years, China’s growing energy demand and increasingly serious environmental pollution emissions have caused widespread international concern and concern [6,7]. The “Made in China 2025” plan clearly stated that it will speed up the green transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry
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