Abstract
An estimated seven million people per year die from emission-related diseases. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. Many health-harmful emission pollutants also damage the climate and reducing emission pollution would save lives and help slow the pace of near-term climate change. This study investigated the environmental quality and its attendant effect on human health from Anglophone countries in West Africa over the period of 1990 to 2013 using panel quantile regression. The result obtained showed that the CO2 emission that can affect the health of Anglophone countries in West Africa are CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption, CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption, CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services, CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption, CO2 emissions from transport. Other control variables that have influence on human health were health expenditure, mortality rate and fertility rate. Therefore, the policy makers should implement policies (like energy conservation policies) that will control emission from gaseous fuel consumption, emissions from liquid fuel consumption, emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services, emissions from solid fuel consumption and emissions from transport. Also, health sector has to be properly cater for by spending more on health and this can only increase the health outcomes in a country.
Highlights
An estimated seven million people per year die from emission-related diseases
The result from autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) econometric approach to co-integration shows that 1% increase in GHG emissions (GHGE) reduces life expectancy by 0.0422% which is used as a proxy for health outcome, if this happens, invariably, mortality rate will be 146.6
The results showed that a 1% increase in per capita GDP will lead to a 0.332% increase in the health expenditure, but an increase in CO2 emissions and NOE of 1% will decrease the HE by 0.066% and 0.577%, respectively
Summary
An estimated seven million people per year die from emission-related diseases. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. Past studies only considered aggregated data on CO2 emission except for few work like [1] that break the emission into CO2 emissions from the consumption of coal, from the consumption of natural gas and from the consumption of petroleum These are not the only emission that can be considered and this is one of the identified gaps that this study is set to full by considering CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, from gaseous fuel consumption, from liquid fuel consumption, from manufacturing industries and construction, from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services, from residential buildings and commercial and public services, from solid fuel consumption and from transport.
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