Abstract
The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (UDBHR) is an important, modern human rights instrument regulating global bioethical challenges. The Protestant faith tradition was excluded from any discourse regarding the UDBHR; consequently, the universality and credibility, especially in Protestant circles, have been questioned. For the Protestant faith tradition, the voice of the Bible is decisive. An ethical foundation for article 17 of the UDBHR (enviromental protection and health) is, therefore, important, as it can contribute to the internalisation of the principle. In the analysis of article 17, it has been shown that the international community is convinced that an irrefutable relationship exists between nature and the health of the human interconnectedness. A damaged creation harms the health of the human and, therefore, the protection of nature is an indisputable obligation. From a Protestant ethical perspective, this global principle could be associated with or founded on the themes of creation, sin, covenant, Christology and eschatology. Grounded in this preliminary evaluation, article 17 can be supported by the global Protestant community. A few facts from South Africa indicate the necessity of promoting the global bioethical principle in this country.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This study is an interdisciplinary analysis in the sense that it focuses on Theology and Human Rights Law within the context of Global Bioethics. It challenges the view that the Protestant perspective can be excluded in the discourse regarding the relation between environment and human health (article 17 of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] Bioethics Declaration).
Highlights
The discipline of bioethics as differentiated from medical ethics originated in the 70s of the previous century
It differs from medical ethics in respect of the fact that it focuses on the needs and issues of the individual and on social and environmental aspects connected with health
A special milestone in the development of global bioethics is the acceptance of the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization by the member states in 2005
Summary
The discipline of bioethics as differentiated from medical ethics originated in the 70s of the previous century. It differs from medical ethics in respect of the fact that it focuses on the needs and issues of the individual and on social and environmental aspects connected with health. In the ethical narrative of cancer, the emphasis cannot be on the medical and biological aspects of the individual person, for example the right to health, genetic predisposition and treatment, but part of the ethical context comprises the social discourse, for example cigarette smoking and air pollution (Ten Have 2019:2–4). The objective of the UDBHR is to unite the global community in terms of bioethical ideals (soft law), which combine individual values (articles 3–7) with social (articles 8–16) and environmental aspects (article 17) of health. The UDBHR is of utmost importance, because it is the first and, up to now, the only global bioethical instrument that was directly accepted by all states of the http://www.ve.org.za
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