ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF WATER POLLUTION IN THE VOLYN REGION

Abstract

Relevance. Anthropogenic impact on the environment grows annually and poses major threats to humanity. Water pollution remains a crucial state and regional problem that must be solved as soon as possible. The purpose of the article is an ecological and hygienic assessment of reservoirs in the Volyn region and ways to optimize their use based on rational nature management. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: descriptive, retrospective and comparative analysis, and mathematical-statistical. Research results. In general, the water resources fund of the Volyn region is filled mainly with local (1 664 million m3/year) and transit (3 820 million m3/year) river runoff. 97,2 m3 of average annual runoff accounts for the area of one square kilometer, and such an indicator exceeds the average for Ukraine by almost two times. Analysis of the water balance in surface reservoirs shows a sufficient level of water supply for multi-sectoral water use and water consumption by all farms in the region. The level of withdrawal of anticipated operating reserves is 10,3%. This indicator confirms the availability of the necessary supply of water resources to meet the domestic (municipal), agricultural, industrial (a large number of food and sugar factories), and technical needs of the region. Conclusions. The Volyn region has significant potential of underground and surface waters and great opportunities for developing water recreation and tourism. The issue of concern involves a comprehensive analysis of water resources, their adequate assessment, and rational use.