Environmental problems of small rivers in the Volga and Dneprovsky basin in the territory of the Kaluga region

Abstract

The article deals with the geoecological problems of small rivers of the Volga and Dnieper basins in the Kaluga region. The analysis of water resources of the Kaluga region is given. It is shown that intensive use of river runoff, transformation of natural landscapes, agromelioration and urbanization, anthropogenic and technogenic load have led to a violation of the hydrological regime of small rivers. This led to a change in the intra-annual distribution of runoff on the territory of the Kaluga Region and neighboring regions, stimulated the progressive process of shallowing and disappearance of small rivers as a result of violation of natural flow-forming complexes. Heavy damage to small rivers, which are very sensitive to pollution, is caused by storm drains, which are often comparable to urban sewage