Abstract
In continental shelves, barotropic tides, internal tides, and nonlinear internal waves could potentially be monitored using acoustic waveguide invariant theory. When temporal variability of broadband acoustic signals is measured along a fixed track, frequency shifts of constant acoustic-intensity level curves can be used to capture temporal behavior of these oceanographic processes. In addition, acoustic intensity striations generated by a towed source or a ship of opportunity could be used to estimate seabed properties. The feasibility of environmental probing for the oceanographic processes and sediment types is discussed in terms of the available group of acoustic modes, frequency bands, and experimental geometries. Several experimental measurements and broadband numerical modeling results are provided to assess the limits of each probing method under winter and summer conditions. [Work supported by the ONR.]
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