Abstract

espanolEste proyecto se encuentra en la frontera entre la economia ambiental y la organizacion industrial. Usamos un escenario de duopolio de un juego de tres etapas; en la primera etapa, el gobierno elige un impuesto a las emisiones y apunta a maximizar el bienestar; en la segunda etapa, las empresas utilizan I + D para reducir sus emisiones; en la ultima etapa, las empresas compiten a la Cournot con productos diferenciados. Nos centramos en dos regimenes de politica y tres escenarios, a saber, regimenes de competencia y fusion y escenarios de compromiso, no compromiso e impuesto exogeno. El estudio se centra en dos cuestiones principales: (1) ?cual es el efecto de la fusion en la I + D y el efecto del compromiso en la I + D? (2) ?Cual es el efecto de la fusion y el compromiso en la economia? Los resultados se obtienen mediante simulaciones numericas del modelo. Encontramos que: (i) La fusion tiene un efecto positivo en la I + D en los escenarios de no compromiso y de impuestos exogenos. (ii) Bajo compromiso, si los bienes son sustitutos imperfectos u homogeneos, la fusion tiene un efecto negativo en I + D; si los bienes son complementarios o independientes, la fusion tiene un efecto positivo en la I + D. (iii) Para cualquier tipo de bienes bajo cualquier regimen, el compromiso tiene un efecto negativo en I + D. EnglishThis project lies at the frontier between environmental economics and industrial organization.We use a duopoly setting of a three-stage game; in the first stage, the government chooses anemission tax and aims for maximizing welfare; in the second stage, firms use RD in the last stage, firms compete a la Cournot with differentiated products. Wefocus on two policy regimes and three scenarios, namely regimes of competition and merger andscenarios of commitment, non-commitment, and exogenous tax. The study focuses on two majorquestions: (1) what is the effect of merger on RD if goods are complements orindependent, merger has a positive effect on R&D. (iii) For any types of goods under any regime,commitment has a negative effect on R&D.

Highlights

  • Pollution problems such as carbon emissions have become a major issue faced by modern governments

  • We find that: (i) Merger has a positive effect on R&D under non-commitment and the exogenous tax scenarios. (ii) Under commitment, if goods are imperfect substitutes or homogenous, merger has a negative effect on R&D; if goods are complements or independent, merger has a positive effect on R&D. (iii) For any types of goods under any regime, commitment has a negative effect on R&D

  • Proposition 6: (1) Merger has a positive effect on R&D under non-commitment and the exogenous tax scenario

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Summary

Introduction

Pollution problems such as carbon emissions have become a major issue faced by modern governments. Petrakis and Poyago-Theotoky (2002) study the impact of two technology policies of R&D subsidization and R&D cooperation, in a duopoly model with cost-reducing R&D, spillovers and pollution abatement R&D. Ouchida and Goto (2016a) is based on Poyago-Theotoky and Teerasuwannajak (2002), and it extends this previous work by considering that the government has a pre-commitment ability to an emission tax into the model of Cournot duopolists with end-of-pipe technology. Simulation model suggests that the results depend on whether the government has the commitment ability to an Environmental Policy, Mergers and Environmental R&D with Spillovers 3 emission tax or not, it is interesting to analyze the commitment vs non-commitment scenarios.

Literature Review
The Model
Competition
Merger
Comparison
Exogenous Tax Scenario
Effect of Commitment
Conclusion
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