Abstract
The use of adaptable fruit and berry cultivars significantly increases the environmental sustainability of horticulture. In 2014–2018, the assortment of plum in the Urals was evaluated using the parameters of productivity, environmental plasticity and stability under the conditions of Chelyabinsk Province. The analysis of environmental plasticity and stability helped to identify adaptable cultivars of Chinese plum (Prúnus salicina L.): ‘Altayskaya yubileynaya’ and ‘Uralskaya zolotistaya’. Plastic plum cultivars included cv. ‘Uralskaya zolotistaya’ (yield: 5.62 t/ha; bi = 1.10; Si2 = 25.7), ‘Uralskaya serebristaya’ (5.53 t/ha; 1.16; 21.3) and ‘Manchzhurskaya krasavitsa’ (5.53 t/ha; 1.21; 33.9); their productivity varied in accordance with changes in environmental conditions. Intensive-type cultivars with high responsiveness to the improvement of growing conditions (bi significantly higher than 1) were cvs. ‘Uvelskaya’ (5.62 t/ha; 1.46; 26.8) and ‘Krasnoselskaya’ (5.04 t/ha; 1.35; 45.7). Cv. ‘Zhemchuzhina Urala’ (4.65 t/ha; 0.05; 22.8) belongs to the cultivars with low plasticity (the bi value close to zero); it is characterized by a weak response to a change in environmental conditions. Cv. ‘Altayskaya yubileynaya’ produces the highest yield (6.16 t/ha) due to its plasticity (bi = 0.91), but has low stability (Si2 = 102.5), while cv. ‘Shershnevskaya’ secures rather high productivity (5.23 tons per hectare) due to high stability (Si2 = 32.7) and medium responsiveness to changes in environmental conditions (bi = 0.75).
Highlights
Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр УрО РАН, 620142 Россия, г
The use of adaptable fruit and berry cultivars significantly increases the environmental sustainability of horticulture
In 2014–2018, the assortment of plum in the Urals was evaluated using the parameters of productivity, environmental plasticity and stability under the conditions of Chelyabinsk Province
Summary
Ural Federal Agricultural Research Center, Ural Branch of the RAS, 112, bldg. A, Belinskogo Street, Yekaterinburg 620142, Russia; Использование адаптивных сортов плодово-ягодных культур существенно повышает экологическую устойчивость садоводства. Проведена оценка уральского сортимента сливы по параметрам продуктивности, экологической пластичности и стабильности в условиях Челябинской области. Анализ экологической пластичности и стабильности позволил выделить адаптивные сорта сливы китайской (Prúnus salicina L.): ‘Алтайская юбилейная’ и ‘Уральская золотистая’. Сорт сливы ‘Алтайская юбилейная’ формирует максимальную урожайность (61,6 ц/га) за счет пластичности (bi = 0,91), но имеет низкую стабильность (Si2 = 102,5), тогда как сорт ‘Шершневская’ обеспечивает достаточно высокую продуктивность (52,3 ц/га) за счет высокой стабильности (Si2 = 32,7) и средней отзывчивости на изменение условий среды (bi = 0,75). The analysis of environmental plasticity and stability helped to identify adaptable cultivars of Chinese plum (Prúnus salicina L.): ‘Altayskaya yubileynaya’ and ‘Uralskaya zolotistaya’. Целью наших исследований была оценка уральского сортимента сливы по продуктивности, экологической пластичности и стабильности в условиях Южного Урала
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