ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING USING ADOLESCENTS’ SALIVA IN OMSK

Abstract

Introduction: An effective way to improve the quality of public health is to search for early, pre-pathological changes in the body under the influence of many technogenic factors, which will make it possible to make predictions of the pre-nosological state for the future. Aim: To assess the impact of the environment on the biochemical parameters of saliva in adolescents living in areas with different levels of environmental stress. Methods: The study involved 90 adolescents aged 14 to 16 years (39 boys, 51 girls), living in six administrative districts of Omsk with different levels of environmental pollution. Saliva samples were collected in the morning on an empty stomach, and the biochemical composition was determined using 22 parameters. Intergroup differences were assessed by a nonparametric criterion and principal component analysis (PCA). Results: None of the parameters measured in saliva can be used to characterize the area of residence. PCA showed that that the maximum contribution was made by electrolyte components, protein, and triene conjugates (TC). At the same time, the regions with the maximum differences in the studied biochemical parameters of saliva are geographically distant from each other. So, in ecologically unfavorable areas in saliva the TC level is the highest 0.954 (0.677; 1.019) c. u. and the chloride content is the lowest 8.4 (5.9; 10.6) mmol/L. The opposite trend is observed for ecologically safe areas: the TC level decreases 0.864 (0.792; 1.018) c. u., the chloride content increases 16.1 (9.7; 18.6) mmol/L. A combination of indicators of saliva was revealed, which allows characterizing the state of the body in an integral form. Conclusions: The use of PCA of biochemical parameters of saliva allows monitoring of the ecological situation in the areas of residence supporting the evidence from environmental monitoring in the study area.