Abstract
Environmental monitoring was conducted of facilities for storage and disposal of banned and unsuitable pesticides. Pesticide content in the soil, water, and products of agriculture in the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine was examined, and the accumulation of organochlorine pesticides by freshwater bivalve mollusks was assessed. Storage facilities of the Zhytomyr region contain nearly 392.18 t of pesticides in 137 warehouses, of which 11 meet the requirements, 36 are tolerable, and 90 are in poor condition. In 2018–2019, pesticide content (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), heptachlor, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)) was studied in soil and sediments in the Zhytomyr region. The content ranged from 0.0007 to 0.07 mg/kg, which is lower than MPC (0.1 mg/kg). The content of HCH, DDT, DDE, DDD, and heptachlor was at 0.0007–0.01 mg/dm3 levels in water bodies of the Zhytomyr region in 2018–2019, also lower than MPC. In some samples of soil, water and vegetables, the recorded levels of DDT and organophosphate pesticides Dragon, Dorpan, and Dursban exceeded MPC in 1.5–3.0 times. Traces of organochlorine pesticide Aldrin were found in soft tissues of bivalve mollusks and in the sediments of water bodies they inhabit. Recommendations are proposed to lower the pesticide content in the environment.
Highlights
Ukraine has ratified the Stockholm Convention (23 May 2001) with the Law of Ukraine N 949-V (949-16) of April 18, 2007
The results of the analysis indicated a significant decrease in pesticide content in the two
We studied the organochlorine pesticide content in soft tissues of bivalve mollusks of the species Unio crassus from the Perha river (Radovel' village, Olevsky district) and Anodonta anatina from Irsha river (Khoroshiv village, Zhytomyr region), and in water and sediments of rivers inhabited by the mollusks
Summary
Ukraine has ratified the Stockholm Convention (23 May 2001) with the Law of Ukraine N 949-V (949-16) of April 18, 2007. According to the Convention, persistent organic pollutants (POP) are recognized as toxic, resistant to decomposition, bioaccumulative, and are subject to transboundary movements by air, water and with migrating species. POP is deposited at a great distance from the source of their emission, accumulating in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems [1]. By this convention DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, chlordane, mirex, toxaphene, heptachlor are included in the list of most dangerous substances. Long-term application of pesticides has led to largescale environmental pollution over huge territories. The migration of toxic compounds in ecosystems causes the accumulation of residual amounts of pesticides in natural objects
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