Environmental Impacts from Ships Operating in Polar Regions

Abstract

Abstract Climate change and the associated reductions in thickness and extent of ice cover, in addition to various global market forces and an overall interest in the Polar Regions, are contributing to increased levels of shipping and vessel operation in both Arctic and Antarctic waters. Despite a growing interest in resource development, potential transit routes, and scientific research, the Polar Regions also remain among the most unique and environmentally sensitive places on earth and are particularly prone to negative environmental impacts unique to ship operations. This article highlights some of the more common ship‐associated environmental impacts. Throughout, particular emphasis is placed on criteria for minimizing the probability of any such negative impact or incident from occurring, in particular through the development of international standards and requirements for ships (e.g., the Polar Code) that are tailored to the unique operating demands of the Polar Regions.