Abstract
Flight path optimization is designed for minimizing environmental impacts of aircraft around airports during approaches. The main objective of this paper is to develop a model of optimal flight paths taking into account jet noise, fuel consumption, constraints and extreme operational limits of the aircraft in approach. A two-segment approach is obtained as an optimal trajectory. Aircraft alignment on the runway axis with a slope of 3° during the last approach segment is observed and the descent rate is about 1060 ft/mn. This particularly characterizes the continuous descent approach having the potential to reduce noise emission by −4 dB and fuel consumption by −20 % to −10 % during the approach. Measurements of aircraft noise were carried out around Saint-Exupry Lyon International Airport for one year. Because of the suggested trajectory, optimized noise levels are less than the measured and INM values. Optimal trajectory consumes less than the standard trajectory; it can be integrated in the aircraft FMS and used in the autopilot system. This is one of the promising objectives of this research.
Highlights
IntroductionThe airspace system is becoming increasingly congested as the number of aircraft operations grows to meet passenger and goods demands
Flight path optimization is designed for minimizing environmental impacts of aircraft around airports during approaches
We describe the optimality conditions (OC) for the (OCP ) as: The interior point method [7, 10, 11], discretizing the optimality conditions of the (OC), is used. (OC) is transformed into a sequence of problems where the solution of optimality conditions is a solution of the (OC) problem: Euler scheme discretization combined with Newton method resolution [11, 38] are used
Summary
The airspace system is becoming increasingly congested as the number of aircraft operations grows to meet passenger and goods demands. CAEP, OACI and ACARE reported that flight path optimization can provide a sizable decrease in noise impact depending on the population distribution, but on the types and the numbers of aircraft operations This environmental problem can only be solved within the framework of a balanced global vision for a sustainable air transport involving new technology engines and fuselages, breakthrough technologies, the design of new procedures and flight paths, airspace management, new regulation rules and certification. It is necessary to choose, to improve or develop a new method In this context, this paper gives numerical considerations and algorithms for solving the control problem stressing the computing times with the aim of finding the best aircraft approach able to reduce noise and favoring economization of fuel consumption. To validate the optimization method, the measured noise levels were compared to noise values obtained by INM for standard trajectories and by optimization method of flight path
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