Abstract

The Afroalpine and subalpine environments (Hagenia Woodland and Bamboo Forest belts) are continually affected by the movements of large animals such as elephant (Loxodonta africana), buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer), small animals such as hyrax ( Procavia johnstoni mackinderi), groove-toothed rat (Otomys orestes orestes), and man. Elephant and buffalo herds and colonies of hyrax and groovetoothed rats range over most of the mountain, whereas human activities tend to be limited primarily to the western approaches and particularly the Teleki Valley and the Sirimon Track. In this paper some of the pristine landforms and soils are described and assessed, and current activities which threaten the environment are discussed and evaluated. Aside from minor amounts of littering and heavy use of wood for fires, the most important impact comes from the foot traffic of tourists and climbers, and the continual pressure placed on herds of large animals by an expanding human population. In an Appendix observations on vegetation cropping by the hyrax and groove-toothed rat are reported. These animals preferred grass and sedge species and the loss of plant cover may affect various geomorphological processes. RESUME Impact sur l'environnement dans les ceintures afroalpine et subalpine du Mont Kenya, Afrique de l'est. Les environnements afroalpin et subalpin (ceintures de for~ts d'Hagenia et for~ts de bambou) sont continuellement affectfs par les d6placements de gros animaux tels que l'6lphant (Loxodonta africana) et le buffle (Syncerus caffer caffer), de petits animaux tels que le daman ( Procaviajohnstoni mackinderi) et le rat B dentition stride (Otomys orestes orestes), et des humains. Les troupeaux d'6lphants, les bandes de buffles, et les colonies de damans et de rats se dfplacent presque partout alors que les activitfs humaines sont restreintes aux voies d'acchs ouest, en particulier la vall6e de Teleki et la piste Sirimnon. Cet article identifie et d~crit un certain nombre de configurations et de sols primitifs, et examine et v es werden gegenwartige, umweltschaiidigende Aktivitiiten diskutiert und bewertet. Die gr6fte Belastung, abgesehen von geringen Abfallmengen und grofem Feuerholzbedarf, entsteht durch Trittbeeintriichtigung von Touristen und Bergsteigern, und die wachsende Bevdlkerungszahl fibt stindigen Druck auf die GroStierherden aus. Im Anhang werden Beobachtungen fiber die Vegetationsvernichtung durch die Klippschliefer und Kerbzahnratte beschrieben. Diese Tiergruppen fra1len Gras und Segge, und die Zerst6rung der Vegetationsdecke kann viele geomorphologische Vorginge beeinflussen.

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