Abstract
The environment, over the years, has been subjected to strong negative impacts caused by economic policies that have promoted an uncontrolled growth of urbanization in the cities and abusive exploration of the natural resources. In this context, developing socio-environmental indicators to subsidize the formulation of municipal public policies which consider, specifically, the environmental (in)salubrity of each neighborhood or locality of municipalities is imperative. The present paper presents the construction and application of an environmental health indicator for residential neighborhoods in two localities of Caruaru City, Pernambuco State. The data adopted in research were obtained from databases of City Hall institutions, from interviews with the population of the localities and water quality analyses. The results indicated that the neighborhoods analyzed presented characteristics of medium health; water supply, the disposal of solid waste, and socioeconomic aspects require attention and priority of public policies. In conclusion, the proposed indicator can be an instrument to assist in urban planning and environmental management of Brazilian municipalities, because it can guide the performance of public managers and the civil society to identify priority actions for improving the infrastructure of the most unhealthy neighborhoods. Keywords: healthiness; environmental health; environmental sanitation; environmental management; environmental health indicator.
Highlights
Today, around half of people live in urban areas worldwide, and this ratio is estimated to increase to two out of three people by 2050
The size of the statistical population was established in relation to the number of households in each neighborhood, obtained by information provided by the Treasury Department of the municipality registered in the Urban Property Tax
The data used to calculate the second-order indicators were subjected to a descriptive statistical analysis, whose results are presented in Tables 3 and 4
Summary
Around half of people live in urban areas worldwide, and this ratio is estimated to increase to two out of three people by 2050. The present paper presents the construction and application of the Environmental Health Indicator for Residential Neighborhoods (EHIN) in two localities of Caruaru City (Pernambuco State), Brazil.
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