Abstract
Environmental health diagnosis was made in a sport and recreational park in the city of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. The objective of this research was to perform an environmental diagnosis in Tucson Park; it concentrated on air quality (fine and coarse particulate matter, carbon dioxide), environmental noise, water quality of springs and a pond according to national standards, and macroinvertebrates as biological indicators of water condition, as well as phytosanitary state of wooded area. Additionally, a survey was conducted to study environmental perception. Results of the study highlighted significant statistical differences concerning the amount and size of particles for the winter and spring seasons. Noise levels within the park premises exceeded the Mexican standard. Water quality measured through general criteria of integrated water quality index (WQI) qualified the park´s analyzed springs as acceptable but to abstain its use and human consumption. Finally, the perception survey identified insecurity as the major problem, followed by the lack of lighting and effective communication of courses and workshops for the community to attend. It is one of the first environmental diagnoses in sport parks in Mexico´s Metropolitan Areas as an integrated approach of ecosystem health and wellbeing of city inhabitants.
Highlights
From the report of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987, environment and development have been shown into particular actions in different domains, linked to sustainability principles, aspiring to higher parameters of quality of life without neglecting human rights, society, and its ecological processes [1]
In different regions of the planet and in Latin American countries in particular, green areas have gone through an intense process of urbanization that has resulted in significant impacts to the environment
The T-student test was applied by a contrast of average effects, through the comparison of multiple ranges to identify less significant differences (LSD)
Summary
From the report of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987, environment and development have been shown into particular actions in different domains, linked to sustainability principles, aspiring to higher parameters of quality of life without neglecting human rights, society, and its ecological processes [1]. Parks are prime sources of ecosystem services for city dwellers [2] and are a chief example of the urban environment. The role of green areas in urban spaces is being increasingly appreciated [4]; the term of urban ecosystem at the end of the last century considered the primary function of green areas for societies; it included all the “green and blue spaces” that you can find in urban and peri-urban areas, including parks, cemeteries, gardens, patios, urban plots, urban forests, individual trees, wetlands, streams, rivers, lakes, and ponds [5]. In different regions of the planet and in Latin American countries in particular, green areas have gone through an intense process of urbanization that has resulted in significant impacts to the environment. The elements of the environment that have been affected the most are the quality of the air, water, and soil; in addition, it has affected environmental quality in specific sites, that in turn influence social and economic development of cities [6,7]
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