Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this work, monoethanolamine (MEA), an organosolv material, was used as an environmentally friendly process for kenaf whole‐stem pulping. The pulping trials were carried out using MEA and MEA‐anthraquinone (MEA‐AQ) methods and the soda‐AQ process as reference. The operating conditions such as the composition of the cooking liquor, the maximum cooking temperature and the cooking time, and a solid/liquor ratio during the pulping process were investigated systematically to establish optimal pulping conditions. The optimum cooking conditions for MEA pulping were 75% MEA concentration, 90‐min cooking time, 160°C cooking temperature, 0.1% AQ, and liquor/kenaf ratio of 4/1. The laboratory‐scale experimental results indicated that this pulping process is particularly well suited for the pulping of kenaf, where the whole stem was delignified to a low kappa number value of 19.8 and the pulp yield of 55.1%. This newly developed pulping process provided a high tensile, tear, and burst indices of 19.8 N·m/g, 5.9 mN·m2/g, and 1.43 kPa·m2/g, respectively. In addition, MEA‐AQ kenaf whole‐stem pulp showed superior mechanical properties in comparison with MEA and soda‐AQ pulp. MEA‐AQ pulping is a good alternative to soda‐AQ pulping to produce high yield pulp with high strength from kenaf whole stem.
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