Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in the generation of metabolic energy and are crucial for eukaryotic cell survival and proliferation. In most sexual eukaryotes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited from only one parent in non-Mendelian inheritance in contrast to the inheritance of nuclear DNA. The model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly used to study mitochondrial biology. It has two mating types: MATa and MATα. Previous studies have suggested that the mtDNA inheritance patterns in hybrid diploid cells depend on the genetic background of parental strains. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To elucidate the mechanisms, we examined the effects of environmental factors on the mtDNA inheritance patterns in hybrids obtained by crossing S. cerevisiae with its close relative S. paradoxus. The results demonstrated that environmental factors can influence mtDNA transmission in hybrid diploids, and that the inheritance patterns are strain dependent. The fitness competition assay results showed that the fitness differences can explain the mtDNA inheritance patterns under specific conditions. However, in this study, we found that fitness differences cannot fully be explained by mitochondrial activity in hybrids under stress conditions.
Highlights
The term “mitochondrion” is derived from the Greek word “mitos,” which means “thread,” and “chondrion,” which means “granule” or “grain-like.” Mitochondria are unusual organelles and are found in most eukaryotic cells
Mitochondrial activity did not significantly differ between the hybrids carrying different mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genotypes produced by crossing UWOPS83-787.3 with N-17. (B) Under the glycerol-based condition, the results showed higher mitochondrial activity in the hybrids carrying S. cerevisiae mtDNA than in those carrying S. paradoxus mtDNA that were produced by crossing strain UWOPS83-787.3 with strain N-17
This study evaluated the effect of several environmental factors on mtDNA inheritance
Summary
The term “mitochondrion” is derived from the Greek word “mitos,” which means “thread,” and “chondrion,” which means “granule” or “grain-like.” Mitochondria are unusual organelles and are found in most eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are unusual organelles and are found in most eukaryotic cells. They are commonly referred to as the powerhouse of the cell and are enclosed by two lipid membranes. Mitochondria generate chemical energy called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These organelles supply all the necessary biological energy of the cell through oxidative phosphorylation [1]. Mitochondria are the metabolic mediator of the cell and are involved in energy conservation and calcium ion homeostasis [2]. Mitochondria regulate various cellular processes, including proliferation [3] and apoptotic cell death [4]; mediate secondary massager signals to the nucleus [5]; and regulate aging [6,7,8].
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