Abstract
This paper shows the results of the assessment of impairment suffered by elements of electronic equipment by environmental effects in different climatic zones of Mexico. For this study, evaluated devices were evaluated that are mostly exposed under different climatic conditions of operation, to determine the degree of damage suffered which leads to malfunction, reduced service life and loss of information in some cases. The main contribution is to identify the causes of the deterioration to delay the effect of atmospheric corrosion deterioration in electronic components. The Mexican Republic has a wide range of climates and subclimates over its territory, sampling was performed for each one of the most representative regions, by their nature tend to be more conducive to the release of corrosive effect on the computer and electronic devices. For the determination of existing impairment in electronic equipment, a methodology is proposed for the evaluation of samples taken from each region, determining the degree of corrosion that exists in these devices. It should be noted that according to the literature, the main pollutants that lead to the deterioration caused by corrosive environmental phenomena are SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, coupled with the presence of ozone and chloride, characteristic of the coastal region, combined with the percent relative humidity (% HR), and temperature cycles as reported by environmental monitoring systems in Mexico. With the study of atmospheric corrosivity in electronic devices has been determined: 1) Design and operation of chamber to accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing. 2) Identification of electronic components with increased susceptibility to corrosive phenomena under typical environmental different regions of Mexico. 3) Correlation of damage suffered in electronic equipment under typical operating conditions and accelerated tests. 4) Determining the degree of atmospheric corrosion on electronic equipment. 5) Construction of atmospheric corrosivity map for Mexico in electronic devices.
Highlights
This paper shows the results of the assessment of impairment suffered by elements of electronic equipment by environmental effects in different climatic zones of Mexico
In the case of arid climate deterioration occurs in minor proportion, the presence of moisture combined with the high operating temperatures of the devices (25 ̊C - 300 ̊C) lead to the generation of aqueous phases giving rise to detachment of the coating’s connectors (Figure 5)
The devices from the Gulf of Mexico region, present in greater proportion deterioration caused by high relative humidity, temperature, presence of chlorides and air pollutants, the samples obtained from this region show signs of accumulation of condensate, leading to difficulties in device operation
Summary
Since the early 1960s, several authors [1] have found that electronic devices, electronic and magnetic induced failures can occur due to corrosion, with this phenomenon should guide the analysis according to the particular characteristics of the different elements considering the atmospheres under which the devices are in operation for more accurate analysis.In more recent work [2] [3], these devices are classified according to their dimensions, characteristics and application as follows: • Microelectronics (printed circuit boards, integrated circuits). • Macroelectronics (switches, connectors, resistors, capacitors, batteries, etc.). • Data storage magnetic devices (SAMD).One aspect to consider in determining the correlation between the time anywhere in the world and the deterioration of electronic devices is the wide variety of climates and existing subclimates, as in the case of Mexico, due to its geographical extent (is located between latitude 14 ̊N to 33 ̊N and 86 ̊W to 119 ̊W), and the abundant presence of different gaseous pollutants (SO2, O3, CO2, NOx) [4] [5] characteristic of large cities and industrial mounted, significant elevations above sea level (e.g. Mexico City has it’s the bigger city, with more than 20 million people at a height of 2240 m.a.s.l [6]), the existence in some areas of the pollutants characteristic of agricultural practices (grazing and burning of sugar cane crops [7]), or the presence of chlorides in the areas near the coast (Mexico has more than 10,000 miles of coastline), or a combination of the gases released by petrochemical processes, with a typical coastal salinity and high humidity and temperature (as in some industrial areas in the Gulf of Mexico).As there is a high degree of variability in corrosivity of the environment favors the presence of corrosive phenomena in electronic devices, coupled with a situation that limited use of air conditioners, resulting in a more aggressive corrosion than those observed and studied in developed countries.The purpose of the present study is to give guideline to the identification of the causes that lead to the damage by atmospheric corrosion in electronic devices, being a first stage where it is intended: • Identification of electronic components with increased susceptibility to corrosive phenomena under typical environmental different regions of Mexico. • Determining the degree of atmospheric corrosion on electronic equipment. • Construction of atmospheric corrosivity map for the Mexican Republic in electronic devices.2. Problematic in Electronic Devices
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