Abstract
The natural environment of the 21st century is facing the threat of global warming and climate change due to human interaction with the environment. This paper focused on environmental challenges in the Niger Delta and the impact of oil spillage on the Biodiversity of the wetland area of the zone. Appropriate Conservation and Sustainable approach were recommended, which include: Enforcement of environmental laws, cleansing of oil spill, restricting access to environmental resources and constant surveillance of our coastal areas and oil fields. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n12p97
Highlights
Environmental Education refers to organized efforts to teach about how natural environment function and how human beings can manage their behavior and ecosystems in order to live sustainably
The Department of Petroleum Resources estimated 1.89 million barrels of petroleum were spilled into the Niger Delta between 1979 and 1996 out of a total 2.4 million barrel spilled in 4,835 incidents (Daily independent 26 July, 2010) A UNDP report states that there have been a total of 6,817 oil spills between 1976 and 2001 which account for a loss of three million barrels of oil of which more than 70% was not recovered (UNDP 2006) most of these spills occurred off-shore (69%) a quarter was in swamps and 6% spilled on land
The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation places the quantity of petroleum jettisoned into the environment yearly at 2,300 cubic metres with an average of 300 individual spills annually (Browen 1999) because this amount does not take into account “minor” spills, the World Bank argues that the true quantity of petroleum spilled into the environment could be as much as ten times the officially claimed amount
Summary
Environmental Education refers to organized efforts to teach about how natural environment function and how human beings can manage their behavior and ecosystems in order to live sustainably. It is sometimes used more broadly to include all efforts to educate the public and other audience including print materials, websites, medial campaign e.t.c. Environmental education as Swan (1969) consented is learning processes that increase peoples’ knowledge and awareness about the environment and associated challenges, develops the necessary skills and expertise to address the challenges and foster attitudes, motivations and commitments to make informed decision and take responsible action as (UNESCO: Tbilisi declaration 1978) emphasized certain concepts, principles and policy of this declaration focus of environmental education as follows:. Knowledge and understanding about the environment and environmental challenges. Participation for exercising knowledge and environmental related programs. Environmental education programs seeks to first engage with participants through developing a sense of nature appreciation which is translated into action that affect conservation and sustainability
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