Abstract
Andresen, M.A., & Hodgkinson, T. (2021). Environmental criminology, design, and victimization: What we know, how we have failed, and where we need to go. In T.C. Pratt, & J.J. Turanovic (Eds.), Revitalizing victimization theory (pp. 104 â 128). New York, NY: Routledge.
Highlights
Victimization does not occur in a vacuum
After reviewing the principle theoretical components of environmental criminology, we outline how environmental criminology has contributed to the understanding of victimization, where it has failed, and future directions for research and theory
We argue that despite the potential for environmental criminology to contribute to the study of victimization, little research is done on victimization within environmental criminology
Summary
Victimization does not occur in a vacuum. It occurs in particular places and spaces. The legal dimension is concerned with the creation, formation, and interpretations of laws; the offender dimension is concerned with understanding the motivation of offenders, how that motivation changes across time, and why different people may have different degrees of motivation to commit crime; the victimization dimension is concerned with understanding why particular people are victims of crime; and the place, or situational, dimension is dominantly concerned with the spatial and/or temporal aspects of crime. This third wave led to notable theoretical and empirical advancements within criminology, discussed below, but they primarily focused on opportunity structures. We discuss where environmental criminology has contributed to understanding victimization, where it has failed, and where it needs to go
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