Environmental Aspects of Total Resistance of Container Ship in the North Atlantic

Nastia Degiuli,Andrea Farkas,Ivana Martić

doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.d7.0267

Nastia Degiuli, Andrea Farkas + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.d7.0267

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Abstract

The total resistance of ship in waves is composed of calm water resistance and added resistance in waves. The added resistance in waves is one of the main causes of an involuntary speed reduction of a ship. It may cause a significant increase in ship resistance and consequently increased fuel consumption and CO2 emission, especially at heavier sea states. Thus, the added resistance is very important from both an economic and environmental point of view. In this paper, an increase in fuel consumption is calculated for container ship on a typical North Atlantic route. The calm water resistance is calculated utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on the viscous flow theory at model scale and the obtained results are extrapolated to full scale. The added resistance in waves is calculated using three-dimensional panel code based on the free surface Green function, for the sake of simplicity. It is calculated at regular waves and the mean value of the added resistance at certain sea states is obtained by means of spectral analysis. Two-parameter Bretschneider wave spectrum recommended for the North Atlantic, defined by significant wave height and zero crossing period, is used in the spectral analysis. The obtained results may provide valuable insight into important environmental issue of pollution reduction.

Highlights

Maritime transport is currently one of the most important modes of transport and will remain like this for a long time
The total resistance in waves for a typical container ship was calculated at the design and the slow steaming speeds
The calm water resistance was calculated utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on viscous flow and the added resistance in waves was calculated using CFD based on potential flow

Summary

Introduction

Maritime transport is currently one of the most important modes of transport and will remain like this for a long time. According to International Chamber of Shipping, around 90% of world trade is carried by the international shipping industry. Because of the competitive freight costs, shipping trade continues to expand and bring benefits to consumers around the world [1]. Maritime transport is the most cost-effective mode of Degiuli, N., et al Environmental Aspects of Total Resistance. Year 2019 Volume 7, Issue 4, pp 641-655 transport. Significant advances in shipping technology and the ability of ships to transport an increased capacity of goods have given even more importance to this mode of transport [2]

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