Abstract
Herein, a novel formulation comprising of two composites: Saccharum munja biomass-functionalized carbon nanotubes (SM/CNT) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide modified SM/CNT (SM/CNT/CTAB), was prepared and its physicochemical properties were analysed. The two composites were mixed in different ratios and investigated for the simultaneous removal of two cationic and two anionic dyes at neutral pH and the maximum removal of both types of dye were obtained with a ratio of 1:2. Further, the optimization of experimental parameters (pH, dosage and concentration) was carried out with response surface methodology (RSM). An in-depth evaluation of adsorptive interactions occurring between Malachite green (MG), Crystal Violet (CV), Congo Red (CR) and Acid Blue 93 (AB) dyes under the single, binary, ternary and quaternary systems were investigated for the first time. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity evaluated from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 177.62, 180.51, 193.42 and 235.29 mg/g for MG, CV, CR and AB dyes respectively. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, while the thermodynamic studies revealed the spontaneous nature of adsorption for all the four dyes. However, the process was found to be exothermic in the case of CR and AB dyes while endothermic for MG and CV dyes. Interestingly, a significant increase in the adsorption capacity of the hybrid biosorbent was observed for the elimination of dyes from multi-component systems owing to the synergistic effect occurring between dyes through adsorbate-adsorbate and adsorbent-adsorbate interactions. Moreover, the hybrid composite was explored for the treatment of two dyeing effluents comprising multiple dyes and removed 95.56% and 97.34% of dyes with a dosage of 0.03 g/10 mL within 10 min. Overall, the results indicated the excellent potential of the novel formulation for treating dye-contaminated effluents in an expeditious, efficient and economical manner.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
