Environmental and Social Implications of Mixed Land use in Zambia: A Case Study of Makeni Area, Lusaka

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the Environmental and Social Implications of mixed land use in Makeni, Lusaka, focusing on three specific objectives: understanding the social implications, determining environmental impacts, and assessing the management of mixed land use in the area. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporated both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis, utilizing secondary and primary data. The sample size of 385 participants included 375 occupants of commercial and residential properties in Makeni and 10 key informants from relevant environmental agencies. Findings indicated that mixed land use in Makeni had positive effects on housing prices, accessibility to social amenities, and property costs. It also contributed to improved road infrastructure and building quality, with limited evidence of increased social problems. However, diverse opinions among respondents suggested varying perceptions. Air sampling revealed concerning levels of carbon monoxide from industries, surpassing allowable limits, while noise levels exceeded WHO recommendations in residential areas. Water analysis was not conducted due to closed systems or lack of effluent discharge. Regarding the management of mixed land use, the study highlighted a lack of awareness among participants about implementation guidelines, indicating a need for increased awareness efforts. Some participants, however, were knowledgeable, suggesting potential advocates for knowledge dissemination. The study also revealed uncertainty among participants about challenges associated with mixed land use management, emphasizing the need for further exploration and understanding of these issues.