Abstract
Abstract Aims: This study investigated environmental and personal factors that explain functional skills and caregiver assistance in young infants/toddlers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving seventy-four children with typical development between 6 and 18 months of age. Functioning skills were evaluated using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and the home environment was evaluated using the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale. Statistical analyses were performed by regression models. Results: Child’s age explained 45% of self-care (β = 0.68); child’s age (β = 0.72), attending daycare (β = 0.33) explained 71% of mobility, and child’s age (β = 0.80) and breastfeeding duration (β = 0.17) explained 69% of social function. With regards to caregiver assistance, child’s age (β = 0.46), attending daycare (β = 0.20) and number of siblings (β = -0.22) explained 31% of self-care; child’s age (β = 0.62) and attending daycare (β = 0.34) explained 56% of mobility; and child’s age (β = 1.91) and total AHEMD-IS score (environment) (β = 2.63) explained 30% of social function. Conclusion: Daycare, breastfeeding duration, number of siblings, stimulation at home, and age explained functional skills and caregiver assistance to toddlers/infants.
Highlights
According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, functioning encompasses all functions of the body and the capacity to perform activities and tasks relevant to one’s daily routine as well as participate in society[1,2,3]
The results of the present study show that personal and environmental factors explain functional skills and caregiver assistance in children six to 18 months of age with typical development
The child’s age was a personal factor while attending daycare and breastfeeding duration were environmental factors that explained the acquisition of functional skills
Summary
According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, functioning encompasses all functions of the body and the capacity to perform activities and tasks relevant to one’s daily routine as well as participate in society[1,2,3]. Examples of functional skills that children use daily are eating, dressing, expressing needs, caring for personal items, interacting with peers, controlling the behavior of someone in a structured environment, communicating with others and practicing safety[3]. When it comes to children’s development of functional skills, the role of the caregiver is fundamental. Some insights factors such as quality of the educational environment, daycare, breastfeeding, mother’s schooling, among others may be associated with the development of functional skills and caregiver assistance in children of typical and atypical development[9,10,11]
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