Environmental and natural leaching processes in underground ore mining

Abstract

The minimization of the negative impact of the products of natural leaching of metal ores on the ecosystems of the environment is justified. It is shown that the reason for the formation of ore leaching solutions is the use of development technologies without filling voids. The results of observations are systematized and the concept of environmental management by combining the potentials of enterprises in the region is substantiated. The efficiency of using dolomite waste to reduce the leaching front by filling technological voids with dolomite-based mixtures is shown. The results of the study of the intensity and danger of natural leaching, taking into account the zoning of mineralization within the orefield, are presented. Measures to reduce the level of natural leaching are recommended. A leaching model is proposed that describes physicochemical processes as stages of reactions occurring in the ore mass. The algorithm of substantiation of environmental technologies is given. The ecological and economic criterion of the effectiveness of the implementation of environmental measures is proposed. The processes of natural leaching of metals are adequate, which makes it possible to control their development. Natural leaching is a consequence of the insufficient level of applied development technologies and can be minimized.